基于GIS的雷电数据可视化地图组件设计与实现     

路明月  张其林  甘文强  李性太  丁旻 《气象科技》2011,39(6):823-827

雷电发生发展于地理空间,具有明显的时空特性,因此在地理信息平台的支持下进行各种雷电数据空间及其属性特征分析具有重要的意义。在ArcEngine的基础上,设计研发了雷电数据可视化地图组件（Thunder Map）,按照数据定义层、数据功能层以及地图UI层的3层逻辑结构,实现了各种雷电相关数据基于地理信息平台的可视化表达,并提供了相关数据管理与功能分析的操作接口,为基于地理空间信息的雷电数据处理提供可视化的功能组件支持。  相似文献   

欧亚大陆春季植被对同年中国西北夏季大气环流和气候的影响研究     

杨金虎  江志红  裴永成 《冰川冻土》2011,33(5):1014-1021

利用1982—2006年欧亚大陆月归一化植被指数（NDVI）,NCAR/NCEP月高度场和风场以及中国西北地区248个气象台站的逐日降水、温度资料,通过SVD及合成分析等方法,分析了欧亚大陆春季植被同同年中国西北夏季大气环流乃至干湿特征的关系.结果表明：欧亚大陆春季植被覆盖状况对预测我国西北地区同年夏季的干湿特征具有较...  相似文献   

卫星遥感结合气象资料计算的中国干旱区夏季地面感热特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王慧  李栋梁 《干旱区地理》2011,34(3)

选用美国国家海洋和大气局(NOAA)系列卫星观测的1982-2006年历年夏季每半月合成的归一化差值植被指数(NDVI)数据资料和针对我国西北干旱区不同下垫面的Ch-INDV参数化关系式,计算了我国110°E以西/35°N以北区域内84个气象站历年夏季各月的地表热力输送系数Ch值和地面感热通量序列,并将其与ERA-40再分析感热资料进行了比较分析。随后,通过数理统计和经验正交函数(EOF)分析方法,研究其时空分布的基本特征和异常变化的演变规律及其东、西部地面感热年际变化的差异。主要结论为:(1)我国西北干旱区夏季地面感热通量实际计算值与ERA-40再分析感热资料相比,两者在值的大小、分布形势和年际变化趋势上均较一致,但感热实际计算值的空间分布更加明显地突出了各气象站所在区域的局地特征。(2)对西北干旱区夏季地面感热EOF分析表明,第一模态反映了全场一致的空间变化,第二和第三模态在干旱区东部和西部区具有不同的南北反向或东西反向的空间变化。第一和第二主分量有较明显的年代际或更长时间尺度的周期变化,第三主分量的年际变化较明显。(3)西北干旱区东部和西部夏季地面感热输送具有相反的年际变化趋势,干旱区东部呈逐年增加的趋...  相似文献   

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SPRING KUROSHIO SSTA AND SUMMER RAINFALL IN CHINA     

张天宇  孙照渤  李忠贤  王栋钰 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2007,13(2):165-168

Based on the data of SST and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, the relationship is analyzed of spring SSTA in the Kuroshio region with summer precipitation in China, summer 500 hPa field and water vapor transport, using the methods of Morlet wave, correlation and composite analysis. The results show that annual and interdecadal change of spring SST in the Kuroshio region is distinct. Spring SST displays a significantly increasing trend and there exist different periodic oscillations in the Kuroshio region, with the 23-year periodic oscillation being the most obvious. Troughs and ridges in the mid- and higher- latitudes turn deeper in high Kuroshio SSTA years. At the same time, the western Pacific subtropical high strengthens and stretches westwards. As a result, the warm / wet air from the west of the subtropical high locates in the mid- and lower- reaches of the Yangtze River and south China and summer rainfall in the above regions increases accordingly. Composite anomalous water vapor flux fields indicate that the vapor transport from the South China Sea and western Pacific and the vapor from the north converge over the mid- and lower- reaches of the Yangtze River and south China, which results in the increase of the summer rainfall in the mid- and lower- reaches of the Yangtze River and south China. On the contrary, the summer rainfall in the mid- and lower- reaches of the Yangtze River and south China decreases correspondingly in low Kuroshio SSTA years.  相似文献   

Simulation Study of the Climate Change Impact on the Rice and its Adaptability in Ningxia Province     

Wang Lianxi  Liu Jing  Li Qi  Qian Rui 《地球科学进展》2013,28(11):1248-1256

Yinhuang Irrigation District in Ningxia, as the top rice production area of high quality and quantity, has a long history in rice planting. The studies of the effective measures for the rice production replying the climate change were very important for reducing the harm of the future climate change and crop supply safety in Ningxia Province. Based on the coupling of the PRECIS model and the crop model CERES Rice, the effects of climate change on the rice production and growth stage in Yinhuang Irrigation District in Ningxia Province were simulated and evaluated, and the adaptability measures of rice production were studied. The results showed that the CERES Rice model had the preferable simulation capability, and the modified PRECIS model also could preferably simulate the required climate parameter. The crop model simulation results showed that the climate change had some influence on the rice production and growth stage in Yinhuang Irrigation District. The rice production goes down under future climate change scenarios in Ningxia Province. The trend of reduction of 2050s is more apparent than that of 2020s under the same scenarios,but the spatial change trend is similar. The extent and range of reduction of A2 scenario are wider than that of B2 scenario in the same period, but spatial change trend is different. For the change of growth stage, there has no obvious change in the north and the central part of the Yinhuang Irrigation District. The duration in 2050s shortens more obviously than that of 2020s under the same scenario, and the duration under B2 scenario shortens more obviously than that under A2 scenario in the same period. The results of adjusting the sowing date and the rice variety parameter G4 showed that the negative impact of climate change on the rice production can be reduced by sowing date advance in Yinhuang Irrigation District in Ningxia Province. There has obvious difference for the optimal G4 values of different region in Yinhuang Irrigation District, and the rice production can also be effectively upraised by adjusting the rice variety characteristic and cultivating the heat resistant rice varieties. The optimal G4 values can mitigate the damage of climate change on the rice production in Yinhuang Irrigation District in Ningxia Province.  相似文献   

贵州高原复杂地形下月平均日最高气温分布式模拟   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

袁淑杰  谷晓平  缪启龙  康为民  于飞  邱新法 《地理学报》2009,64(7):888-895

在前人研究的基础上,对以前的模型进行改进,考虑了坡度、坡向和地形相互遮蔽作用对复杂地形下天文辐射的影响,基于数字高程模型(DEM)数据,建立以天文辐射为起始数据的复杂地形下月平均日最高气温的分布式模型,在模型中考虑了海拔高度、复杂地形下太阳总辐射、日照百分率对月平均日最高气温的影响.以贵州高原为例.应用100m×100m分辨率的DEM数据.1960-2000年贵州省及周边102个气象站常规气象要素观测资料以及NOAA-AVHRR观测资料,10个气象站的太阳辐射量资料,计算了贵州高原各月及年平均日最高气温精细空间分布.结果表明:(1)坡度、坡向、地形遮蔽对月平均日最高气温的影响较大,由于局地地形因子的影响,复杂地形下月平均日最高气温的空间分布具有明显的地域分布特征,局地地形对月平均日最高气温的影响是不容忽视的.(2)季节不同,局地地形因子对复杂地形下月平均日最高气温空间分布的影响不同,冬半年大于夏半年.月平均日最高气温随海拔高度的增加而降低.南坡随坡度的增大而升高:北坡随坡度的增大而降低.在坡向影响上,1-5月、10-12月偏北坡月平均日最高气温偏低,偏南坡月平均日最高气温偏高;7-8月因太阳高度较高,因此出现相反的情况.北坡高于南坡.  相似文献   

东亚夏季风推进过程的气候特征及其年代际变化   总被引：33，自引：0，他引：33  

江志红  何金海  李建平  杨金虎  王冀 《地理学报》2006,61(7):675-686

利用1951~2001年NECP的逐日再分析资料及中国东部366站1957~2000年逐日降水资料,提出东亚夏季风推进过程的定量指标,分析东亚夏季风推进过程的年代际变化。结果表明：标准降水指数为1.5的等值线较好反映了中国东部夏季雨带的南北移动,以及雨带推进过程中呈现的阶段性与突变性特征。东亚夏季风的推进过程具有显著年代际变化,与夏季风前沿位置有关的指标在20世纪60年代中期前后发生显著变化,与夏季风推进强度有关的指标则在70年代末出现突变。60年代中期前,南海夏季风的建立时间较迟,但北推较快,夏季风前沿到达华北地区时间较早,在华北地区维持时间长,夏季风的北界位置偏北,华北雨季、淮河梅雨明显。70年代末以后南海夏季风的建立时间较早,夏季风前沿附近南风强度明显偏弱,降水主要集中在长江流域及其以南地区,华北雨季不明显。  相似文献   

华南冬季极端低温事件的统计建模及未来预估     

姜胜  李伟  朱连华  孙威  江志红 《气象科学》2024,44(1):46-58

基于1961—2005年华南冬季逐日最低温度观测资料,以及参与CMIP5的IPSL-CM5A-MR、MPI-ESM-MR、CMCC-CMS 3个模式的历史模拟和未来排放情景预估数据,从过程角度定义和提取华南冬季极端低温事件及其特征指标,并通过引入极值理论构建极端低温事件的概率分布模型(Cold Spell Model, CSM),刻画其强度、频数和持续时间特征分布;进一步结合基于累计概率分布变换的偏差订正方法降低模式模拟的偏差,探讨了RCP4.5情景下全球升温1.5℃和2℃时极端低温事件的风险变化。研究表明：(1)CSM模型能够较好地拟合极端低温特征概率分布,大部分台站通过了K-S或卡方检验;(2)相对于观测,模式模拟极端低温存在一定偏差,经偏差订正后,各站点BS评分接近于0,SS评分普遍提高到0.88左右;(3)全球增暖背景下,华南地区极端低温呈现强度减弱、频数减少、持续时间缩短的特征。全球增暖1.5、2.0℃背景下,华南大多数地区极端低温事件平均强度减弱,频次降低,持续时间变化具有明显的空间差异;每年发生1次极端低温事件的概率增加,但每年发生3、5次的概率减少;增暖1.5℃下极端低...  相似文献   

1951-2006年南京气温变化特征          下载免费PDF全文

潘文卓  缪启龙  许遐祯 《大气科学学报》2008,31(5):694-701

利用南京市1951年1月-2007年4月逐日温度观测资料,分析了南京市平均气温、极端气温、冷积温和热积温的变化趋势和特征。结果表明,在全球气候变暖的背景下,56a来南京平均气温明显上升,尤其是春、冬季升温显著,且春季升温大于冬季升温,而年极端最低气温和冷积温显著上升,年极端最高气温和热积温略有下降;冷冬皆分布在20世纪80年代以前,暖冬主要分布在90年代以后;春季提前并略有加长;夏季加长了约4候;秋季延迟并缩短了约2候;冬季缩短了约3候。  相似文献   

Classification of yearly extreme precipitation events and associated flood risk in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Valley     

Zhiqing Xie  Yin Du  Yan Zeng  Qian Miao 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2018,61(9):1341-1356

Fifty cases of regional yearly extreme precipitation events(RYEPEs)were identified over the Yangtze-Huaihe River Valley(YHRV)during 1979–2016 applying the statistical percentile method.There were five types of RYEPEs,namely Yangtze Meiyu(YM-RYEPE),Huaihe Meiyu(HM-RYEPE),southwest-northeast-oriented Meiyu(SWNE-RYEPE)and typhoon I and II(TC-RYEPE)types of RYEPEs.Potential vorticity diagnosis showed that propagation trajectories of the RYEPEs along the Western Pacific Subtropical High and its steering flow were concentrated over the southern YHRV.As a result,the strongest and most frequently RYEPEs events,about 16–21 cases with average rainfall above 100 mm,occurred in the southern YHRV,particularly in the Nanjing metropolitan area.There have been 14 cases of flood-inducing RYEPEs since 1979,with the submerged area exceeding 120 km~2as simulated by the Flood Area hydraulic model,comprising six HM-RYEPEs,five YM-RYEPEs,two TC-RYEPEs,and one SWNE-RYEPE.The combination of evolving RYEPEs and rapid expansion of urban agglomeration is most likely to change the flood risk distribution over the Nanjing metropolitan area in the future.In the RCP6.0(RCP8.5)scenario,the built-up area increases at a rate of about 10.41 km~2(10 yr)~(-1)(24.67 km~2(10 yr)~(-1))from 2010 to 2100,and the area of high flood risk correspondingly increases from 3.86 km~2(3.86 km~2)to 9.00 km~2(13.51 km~2).Areas of high flood risk are mainly located at Chishan Lake in Jurong,Lukou International Airport in Nanjing,Dongshan in Jiangning District,Lishui District and other low-lying areas.The accurate simulation of flood scenarios can help reduce losses due to torrential flooding and improve early warnings,evacuation planning and risk analysis.More attention should be paid to the projected high flood risk because of the concentrated population,industrial zones and social wealth throughout the Nanjing metropolitan area.  相似文献